Materials Science
Shatha Sh. Batros; Mohammed H. Ali; Ali J. Addie
Abstract
Tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles were synthesized via a facile chemical precipitation route using tin chloride (SnCl2•2H2O) as precursor and ammonia as precipitant. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were subjected to post-calcination at 300°C, 400°C and 500°C and thoroughly characterized ...
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Tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles were synthesized via a facile chemical precipitation route using tin chloride (SnCl2•2H2O) as precursor and ammonia as precipitant. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were subjected to post-calcination at 300°C, 400°C and 500°C and thoroughly characterized by advanced techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. XRD patterns revealed the formation of a tetragonal SnO2 crystalline phase with average crystallite sizes of 11.9 nm, 13.9 nm, and 17.2 nm for the samples calcined at 300°C, 400°C and 500°C respectively. SEM micrographs demonstrated agglomerated and irregular morphology of the calcined SnO2 nanoparticles. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of characteristic Sn-O and O-Sn-O vibrational modes in the calcined SnO2 samples. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated against model Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial strains by standard zone of inhibition assays. The SnO2 nanoparticles exhibited excellent antibacterial activity due to their high specific surface area. A systematic increase in the inhibition zone diameter was observed with a decrease in the crystallite size of SnO2 for both bacterial strains, suggesting an inverse relationship between crystallite size and antibacterial behaviour. The present work demonstrates a simple, eco-friendly synthesis of antibacterial SnO2 nanoparticles with controlled crystallite size by tuning the calcination temperature.
Nanotechnology
Ali J. Addie; Raid A. Ismail; Mudhafar A. Mohammed
Abstract
In this work, a simulation analysis of a commercial magnetron sputtering source was performed using the finite element method Particle-in-Cell/Monte Carlo Collision (PIC/MCC) to optimize the configuration of the Zn-C mosaic target. The magnetic field distribution was solved in a two-dimensional cylindrical ...
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In this work, a simulation analysis of a commercial magnetron sputtering source was performed using the finite element method Particle-in-Cell/Monte Carlo Collision (PIC/MCC) to optimize the configuration of the Zn-C mosaic target. The magnetic field distribution was solved in a two-dimensional cylindrical coordinate system, and particles such as electrons, atoms, and charged ions of argon, zinc, and carbon were tracked in a DC magnetron sputtering system. The sputtering yield profile and particle flux for the eroded target were studied considering the ion and electron density distributions. The maximum sputtering flux of zinc and carbon was 1.975´1021 m-2.s-1 and 3.7´1018 m-2.s-1 respectively. The erosion position of a target was predicted based on the maximum power density distribution at the surface of the target. The accuracy of the simulation was checked by comparing it with the measurement of the target eroded after several hours of sputtering. However, as for the Zn-C mosaic target, the racetrack was identical to the analysis predicted by the numerical simulation process. The results of this work can be used as a guide for designing mosaic targets and optimizing their use for fabricating nanohybrid thin film structures.
