Materials Science
Ruaa Khalid Hamdan; Aqeel Al-Adili; Thamer Ahmed Mohammed
Abstract
This study presents an experimental measurements and three-dimensional simulation of time-varying scour, along with the variables affecting the resulted scour hole dimensions and evolution at center and side weirs. Slit weir location, crest level, flow rate and sediment size were tested within 34 steady ...
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This study presents an experimental measurements and three-dimensional simulation of time-varying scour, along with the variables affecting the resulted scour hole dimensions and evolution at center and side weirs. Slit weir location, crest level, flow rate and sediment size were tested within 34 steady and unsteady flow conditions under various flow rates 125, 95, 62, 50 and 34 L/s to study the scour behavior. All tests were carried out with non-uniform sediments of median sizes 0.24 mm and 0.55 mm. Steel slit weirs of 0.25 m width, 0.004 m thickness, and 0.07, 0.12 and 0.17 m crest level with respect to the mobile bed surface, which was constructed in a laboratory flume made up of brick and concrete within dimensions of (8 m, 1.25 m, and 1 m) long, wide and deep respectively. The present research demonstrates that maximum values of scour volume and scour depth obtained when the weir locate at center of the flume with flat crest for both steady and unsteady flow. Besides, the results indicated a low discrepancy between the experimental measures and the sediment scour model FLOW 3D software, both are showed a good agreement in presenting the scour development accurately as well as the model had excellent ability in predicting the velocity magnitudes at the slit location and the values of shear stress which was hard to measure directly.
Materials Science
Sahar I. Ahmed; Aqeel S. Al-Adili; Awham M. Hameed
Abstract
Conventional concrete is recognized for its high density, which leads to a higher cost of building foundations and columns. Recently, many efforts have been made to produce lower density concrete with acceptable and applicable mechanical properties. One option can reduce the density of the conventional ...
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Conventional concrete is recognized for its high density, which leads to a higher cost of building foundations and columns. Recently, many efforts have been made to produce lower density concrete with acceptable and applicable mechanical properties. One option can reduce the density of the conventional concrete by using partial or total replacement of porcelanite instead of natural gravel. Porcelanite aggregate concrete can be prepared by adding different ratios of porcelanite and several other additives to the mortar, depending on the required density of the prepared porcelanite concrete. This study aims to assess porcelanite aggregate concrete components, manufacturing methods, and features of porcelanite aggregate concrete. Furthermore, this literature review aims to appraise and provide a complete vision of the testing program, including compressive strength, density, porosity, splitting tensile strength, and water absorption of porcelanite aggregate concrete. Also, this paper focuses on studying the development and applications of the porcelanite aggregate concrete, which will be presented in detail through this study.