Laser Science and Technology
Asraa B. Radhi; Khawla S. Khashan; Ghassan M. Sulaiman; Hamdoon A. Mohammed
Abstract
In this work, room temperature laser ablation with an iron target in water was used to create iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) with a different number of pulses (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500) at a constant energy of 200 mJ. The colloidal solutions of the IONPs were studied and the effects of the number ...
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In this work, room temperature laser ablation with an iron target in water was used to create iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) with a different number of pulses (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500) at a constant energy of 200 mJ. The colloidal solutions of the IONPs were studied and the effects of the number of pulses on the properties were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS) and photoluminescence (PL). The FTIR spectra showed that the synthesised IONPs were formed, and the peaks appeared between (500-600) cm-1. FESEM images showed that the IONPs have hemispherical structures and become spherical with increasing laser pulses. They also exhibited a small aggregation due to electrostatic forces. The UV-VIS results showed that the IONPs had an absorption shoulder at 300-400 nm, which increased with the laser pulses. The PL spectra of the IONPs showed strong, sharp peaks in the UV region at 370 nm, the intensity of which increased with increasing pulse duration, while the density of the nanoparticles in the solution increased. In addition, the antibacterial activities were evaluated using an agar well diffusion assay against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii). The result showed that the IONPs have good antibacterial activity, which increased with the laser pulses due to the increased concentration of IONPs. A hemolysis and in vitro toxicity test also evaluated the compatibility with human blood on red blood cells.
Biotechnology
Zainab S. Abbas; Ghassan M. Sulaiman; Majid S. Jabir; Hamdoon A. Mohammed; Salman A. A. Mohammed
Abstract
Galangin, a non-toxic phytochemical, is known to have a variety of therapeutic uses. This study looked into the role of inclusion complexes of galangin/β-cyclodextrin in increasing antioxidant activity over pure galangin. The role of this inclusion complex in increasing antioxidant activity in comparison ...
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Galangin, a non-toxic phytochemical, is known to have a variety of therapeutic uses. This study looked into the role of inclusion complexes of galangin/β-cyclodextrin in increasing antioxidant activity over pure galangin. The role of this inclusion complex in increasing antioxidant activity in comparison to pure galangin. In this study, hydrogen peroxide assays were used in vitro. Galangin demonstrated concentration-dependent scavenging action in the 2-50 µg mL-1 range, with the highest level of activity possible 92.00% at 50 µg mL-1. In pure galangin, a decrease of 85.00% was observed. The ferric thiocyanate lipoperoxidation method was clarified by using galangin and galangin/β-cyclodextrin and demonstrated concentration-dependent suppress lipid peroxidation in the 2-50 µg mL-1 range, at 50 µg mL-1, the highest level of activity was 70.00%. A 60.00% decrease in pure galangin was observed. Xanthine oxidase activity using uric acid was given. The co-incubation of galangin and galangin/β-cyclodextrin inhibited xanthine oxidase activity in a concentration-dependent manner in 2-50 µg mL-1 range, at 50 µg mL-1, the highest level of activity was 90.00%. Pure galangin showed an 82.00% decrease. There were no significant differences in absolute weight of mice organs and hematological parameters between pure galangin and galangin/ β-cyclodextrin when used concentration 80 mg kg-1, compared to control group. According to the findings, galangin combined with β-cyclodextrin has excellent properties as a therapeutic agent and food supplement.
Biotechnology
Zahraa A. Kadhim; Ghassan M. Sulaiman; Ahmed M. Al-Shammari; Hamdoon A. Mohammed; Salman A. A. Mohammed
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most life-threatening types of cancer that is difficult to treat. The search for effective yet safe therapy is progressing and non-conventional therapies such as using viruses as a smart and selective agent against cancer are promising. The aim of the study ...
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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most life-threatening types of cancer that is difficult to treat. The search for effective yet safe therapy is progressing and non-conventional therapies such as using viruses as a smart and selective agent against cancer are promising. The aim of the study was the presence of a reliable method to use Newcastle disease virus (NDV) as an oncolytic agent against GBM, which attempted to propagate the NDV in laboratory experiments. Ahmed Majeed Hamza Al-Shammari-1 (AMHA1) attenuated strain of NDV was propagated in chicken embryos. The virus's tittered in Vero-slamed cells to determine the infective dose. MTT cell viability assay was used to investigate the killing effects of NDV on Ahmed-Majeed-Glioblastoma-Multiforme-2005 (AMGM5) human glioblastoma cancer cells derived from Iraqi patients. The infected cells' morphology was studied to measure the cytolytic effect of the NDV in cancer cells. Results showed that After 24 to 72 hours of inoculation, all of the chicken embryos died when the AMHA1 Iraqi NDV strain was injected. Cell viability assay showed that the NDV-AMHA1 strain has cytotoxicity at MOI of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 for 72 hours of exposure to cancer cells. The morphological analysis showed that NDV induces cell death in the infected cells with both necrotic and apoptotic features. In conclusion, the study focuses on the propagation of the oncolytic NDV as a biological agent capable of overcoming treatment resistance through infecting and replicating inside cancer.
