Abstract
The development of nanoparticles (NPs) has enabled their usage in numerous biological, physico-chemical, and functional biomedical applications, especially as anti-cancer therapy. In this study, a cancer-healing conjugate composed of resveratrol (RES) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was formulated via liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNPs) covered with numerous layers of chitosan (+ charge) and hyaluronic acid (- charge), through a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly method. The nanoparticle delivery drug systems based on lipids were used to assess therapeutic efficacy and biocompatibility against the cells of cancer. Many procedures described the production of RES/HCQ-LbL-LCNPs, such as zeta potential (ZP) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, transmission electron microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The in vitro properties of RES, HCQ, and RES/HCQ-LbL-LCNPs were compared to human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) through gene expression. Through studying Bcl-2, Bax, Beclin-1, and light chain 3 (LC3). The decrease in Bcl-2 expression promotes apoptosis, while the increase in Bax expression also activates apoptosis; additionally, the decrease in Beclin-1 expression reduces autophagy initiation, and finally, the decrease in LC3 expression diminishes autophagy. All these genes are good indicators that RES, HCQ, and RES/HCQ-LbL-LCNPs affect the HepG2 cell line.
Recommended Citation
Mohammed, Wasnaa H.; Sulaiman, Ghassan M.; and Mohammed, Hamdoon A.
(2026)
"Synergistic Effects of Resveratrol and Hydroxychloroquine Nanoparticles on Apoptosis and Autophagy Gene Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells,"
Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology: Vol. 6:
Iss.
2, Article 2.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.53293/2788-6867.1177
Available at:
https://jasn.uotechnology.edu.iq/journal/vol6/iss2/2
DOI
10.53293/2788-6867.1177
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