Document Type : Regular Article

Authors

• Aseel S. Jasim ¹
• Odai N. Salman ²

¹ Biomass Energy Department, Al-Nahrain Renewable Energy Research Center, Al-Nahrain University – Iraq Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology – Iraq

² Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology – Iraq

Abstract

In this work, we reported a study on the hydrothermal process for the preparation of TiO₂ NRs films on FTO substrate using two different solutions, the first consisting of (ethanol and titanium butoxide) and the second consisting of (HCl, DIW and titanium butoxide). The study of structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties helped to identify the characteristics of the TiO₂ films prepared with the different solvents. The first sample (TO1) exhibited an anatase phase crystal structure with an energy gap of (3.2 eV), while the second (TO2) showed a rutile phase with an energy gap of (3 eV). The (nanorod) morphology was observed in the (TO2) sample, while irregular grains were found in the (TO1) sample. Transmission measurements were performed to analyze the optical properties, which showed that both samples were transparent in the visible wavelength range, with the (TO2) sample with rutile phase exhibiting higher absorption coefficients. The activation energy was (0.0226) eV and (0.0643) eV for the two samples (TO1) and (TO2), respectively. The n-type conductivity was confirmed by Hall effect measurements for both samples. The highest conductivity (300.655) (Ω^-1.cm^-1) and the highest carrier consternation (1.07355 ×10¹⁷) (cm^-3) were obtained for sample (TO1).

Keywords

• Titanium dioxide
• Nanorods
• Hydrothermal

Main Subjects

• Nanotechnology