Document Type : Regular Article
Authors
- Peverga Rex Jubu 1
- Khaled M. Chahrour 2
- Yushamdan Yusof 3
- A. Nathan-Abutu 4
- V. M. Igba 5
- E. Danladi 6
- O. S. Obaseki 3
- M. B. Ochang 1
- W. V. Zhiya 1
- F. K. Yam 3
1 Department of Physics, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi (University of Agriculture Makurdi) – Nigeria
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Karabuk University – Turkey
3 School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia – Malaysia
4 Materials Science Department, Centro de Investigaci´on en Materiales Avanzados – Mexico
5 Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila – Mexico
6 Department of Physics, Federal University of Health Sciences Otukpo – Nigeria
Abstract
The presence of multiple phases/ components within a nanocomposite material impacts its properties. Therefore, there is a need to estimate the phase fraction of each element present in a sample. Spurr-Myers proposed a valuable formula for calculating the rutile and anatase phase fraction of a TiO2 sample from X-ray diffraction. However, this formula is dedicated to TiO2 and is inapplicable to samples that contain more than two phases. The present research proposed a simple method for quantifying the phase fraction of all types of nanomaterials consisting of two or more phases. The precision/ accuracy test, conducted by multiplying the total intensity of all the diffraction peaks present in a sample with the value of the phase fraction of individual components, showed that the proposed method gave precision values equivalent to the sum of the intensity of the peaks for each element. Meanwhile, the S-M gave precision values that were significantly inconsistent with the sum of the intensity of the peaks of each component. The study showed that the proposed method was valid for a wide range of 2θ values and can be deployed to obtain reasonable and reliable values of phase fraction that could assist in understanding the material phase fraction-properties relationship.
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